Tributes to Indian freedom fighter "Nightingale of India" Sarojini Naidu on her birth anniversary.
She was elected by the President of INC in 1925.
1. She was born in Hyderabad on 13 February, 1879.
2. She was educated in Madras, London and Cambridge.
3. She passed the Madras University matriculation exam at the age of twelve and obtained Hyderabad Nizam’s scholarship to study in King's College, London, and later in Girton College, Cambridge.
4. Following her time in England, where she worked as a suffragist, she was drawn to Indian National Congress’ movement for India’s independence from British rule.
5. She became a part of the Indian nationalist movement and became a follower of Mahatma Gandhi and his idea of swaraj.
6. She was arrested, along with other Congress leaders including Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Madan Mohan Malaviya for participating in 1930 Salt March.
7. Sarojini was one of the major figures to have led the Civil Disobedience Movement and the Quit India Movement.
8. As a suffragette and women rights activist, she advocated for reforms to improve conditions of widows in the Indian National Social Conference in Madras, 1908.
9. She faced repeated arresting by the British authorities during the time and even spent over 21 months (1year 9months) in jail.
10. She supported the Lucknow Pact, a joint Hindu–Muslim demand for British political reform.
11. Along with Muthulakshmi Reddy and Annie Beasant, she helped establish the Women's Indian Association in 1917.
12. In 1917 she headed the All-India Women's Deputation and championed women’s suffrage before E. S. Montagu (Secretary of State for India).
13. She took part in the Second Round Table Conference.
14. She was awarded the Gold "Kaiser-e-Hind" Medal for organising flood relief work in Hyderabad.
15. When Gandhi was arrested after the Salt March to Dandi in 1930, she led the Dharasana Satyagraha (Gujarat) with other leaders
16. She was appointed the President of the Indian National Congress in 1925 at its 40th session, Kanpur and later became the Governor of the United Provinces in 1947, becoming the first woman to hold the office of Governor in the Dominion of India.
17. She was the second women President of the Indian National Congress and first Indian women to preside the INC conference.
18. She was appointed to the Constituent Assembly from Bihar. She spoke about the importance of adopting a national flag in the Assembly.
19. Her work as a poet earned her the sobriquet ‘the Nightingale of India’, or ‘Bharat Kokila’ by Mahatma Gandhi because of color, imagery and lyrical quality of her poetry.
20. She died of a cardiac arrest on 2 March, 1949, at the Government House in Lucknow.
21. In 2014, Google India commemorated Naidu's 135th birth anniversary with a Google Doodle.
22. Her birth anniversary is celebrated as "National Women's Day" in India.
23. Publications:
a. She had written a play Maher Muneer in Persian.
b. A collection of poems titled "The Golden Threshold (1905)". (UPSC CSP 2009)
c. Poem: The Bird of Time: Songs of Life, Death and the Spring (1912) .
d. A collection of poem: The Broken Wing: Songs of Life, Death and Destiny (1917), which she dedicated to Mohammad Ali Jinnah.
e. The Song of the Palanquin Bearers (1917).
f. In the Bazaars of Hyderabad.
g. Muhammad Jinnah: An Ambassador of Unity.
h. The Feather of the Dawn. It is collection of poems written by her in 1927 – was published by her daughter Padmaja Naidu in 1961.
i. Mahatma Gandhi: His Life, Writings and Speeches.
j. Words of Freedom: Ideas of a Nation
2. She was educated in Madras, London and Cambridge.
3. She passed the Madras University matriculation exam at the age of twelve and obtained Hyderabad Nizam’s scholarship to study in King's College, London, and later in Girton College, Cambridge.
4. Following her time in England, where she worked as a suffragist, she was drawn to Indian National Congress’ movement for India’s independence from British rule.
5. She became a part of the Indian nationalist movement and became a follower of Mahatma Gandhi and his idea of swaraj.
6. She was arrested, along with other Congress leaders including Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Madan Mohan Malaviya for participating in 1930 Salt March.
7. Sarojini was one of the major figures to have led the Civil Disobedience Movement and the Quit India Movement.
8. As a suffragette and women rights activist, she advocated for reforms to improve conditions of widows in the Indian National Social Conference in Madras, 1908.
9. She faced repeated arresting by the British authorities during the time and even spent over 21 months (1year 9months) in jail.
10. She supported the Lucknow Pact, a joint Hindu–Muslim demand for British political reform.
11. Along with Muthulakshmi Reddy and Annie Beasant, she helped establish the Women's Indian Association in 1917.
12. In 1917 she headed the All-India Women's Deputation and championed women’s suffrage before E. S. Montagu (Secretary of State for India).
13. She took part in the Second Round Table Conference.
14. She was awarded the Gold "Kaiser-e-Hind" Medal for organising flood relief work in Hyderabad.
15. When Gandhi was arrested after the Salt March to Dandi in 1930, she led the Dharasana Satyagraha (Gujarat) with other leaders
16. She was appointed the President of the Indian National Congress in 1925 at its 40th session, Kanpur and later became the Governor of the United Provinces in 1947, becoming the first woman to hold the office of Governor in the Dominion of India.
17. She was the second women President of the Indian National Congress and first Indian women to preside the INC conference.
18. She was appointed to the Constituent Assembly from Bihar. She spoke about the importance of adopting a national flag in the Assembly.
19. Her work as a poet earned her the sobriquet ‘the Nightingale of India’, or ‘Bharat Kokila’ by Mahatma Gandhi because of color, imagery and lyrical quality of her poetry.
20. She died of a cardiac arrest on 2 March, 1949, at the Government House in Lucknow.
21. In 2014, Google India commemorated Naidu's 135th birth anniversary with a Google Doodle.
22. Her birth anniversary is celebrated as "National Women's Day" in India.
23. Publications:
a. She had written a play Maher Muneer in Persian.
b. A collection of poems titled "The Golden Threshold (1905)". (UPSC CSP 2009)
c. Poem: The Bird of Time: Songs of Life, Death and the Spring (1912) .
d. A collection of poem: The Broken Wing: Songs of Life, Death and Destiny (1917), which she dedicated to Mohammad Ali Jinnah.
e. The Song of the Palanquin Bearers (1917).
f. In the Bazaars of Hyderabad.
g. Muhammad Jinnah: An Ambassador of Unity.
h. The Feather of the Dawn. It is collection of poems written by her in 1927 – was published by her daughter Padmaja Naidu in 1961.
i. Mahatma Gandhi: His Life, Writings and Speeches.
j. Words of Freedom: Ideas of a Nation
